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The Journal uses the name-and-year system of citation;
that is, the surname of the author(s) and the year of publication are inserted in the text at an appropriate point:
“Brown (1983) compared…” or “…were compared (Brown 1983).”
If the reference has more than two authors, include only the surname of the first author followed by “et al.” (not italicized):
“Brown et al. (1983) compared…” or “…were compared (Brown et al. 1983).”
For detailed rules consult the style guide through the links provided to the right.
References should be listed at the end of the paper in alphabetical order according to the surnames of the first author.
References with the same first author are listed in the following order.
(1) Papers with one author only are listed first in chronological order, beginning with the earliest paper.
(2) Papers with dual authorship follow and are listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the second author.
(3) Papers with three or more authors appear after the dual-authored papers and are arranged chronologically.
The following bibliographic citations illustrate the punctuation, style, and abbreviations (according to CASSI or BIOSIS Serial Sources) for references.
Journal article
Peterman, R.M. 1982. Model of salmon age structure and its use in preseason forecasting and studies of marine survival. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 39: 1444–1452.
Book (not in a series)
LeBlond, P.H., and Mysak, L.A. 1978. Waves in the ocean. Elsevier, New York.
Corporate Author
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association, and Water Pollution Control Federation. 1975. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 14th ed. Washington, D.C.
For detailed rules and additional examples consult the style guide through the links provided to the right.